From: "Linda Lilburne" <LilburneL@landcare.cri.nz>
To: mkant@cs.cmu.edu
Date: Fri, 26 Aug 1994 13:09:00 +1300
Subject: Re: gis/es -Reply  -Reply
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OK - here's the list attached

Linda
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Some time ago I posted a query asking if anyone out there had
integrated an expert system with a GIS (Geographical Information
System). I had quite a few replies - most unfortunately asking me to
forward on any responses as they were also interested. I'm now finally
posting a summary - very late as I have had to work on another
project this last month plus. 

Bob Coulson from the Knowledge Engineering Laboratory sent me his
paper "Computer-based planning, problem solving, and decision
making in forest health management: An implementation of the
knowledge system environment for the southern pine beetle,
ISPBEX-II" They have integrated in an object oriented framework,
CLIPS, Arc/Info, Oracle and a model written in C/Fortran.

Rick Sojda from USDI - National Biological Survey is at the conceptual
stage of a project to develop a DSS to assist wetland management on
national wildlife refuges. He has submitted a Works in Progress article
for AI Applications.

Ian Harrison of the AI Application Institute in Edinburgh informed
me that some students at the University had looked at using AI
techniques in co-operation with GIS systems, in particular CLIPS and
Arc/Info. I unfortunately haven't been able to obtain any more
information on this.

Michel Page from Universite Pierre Mendes-France, Grenoble has
developed a DSS tool called AMIA which models numeric and
qualitative knowledge. Two applications, long term energy/water
demand forecasting have been written. They are loosely coupling
AMIA with Smallworld to visualise the simulation results on maps.

Sean Skilton of CRC for Tropical Pest Management, Australia hopes to
integrate CLIPS, Arc/Info and C,C++,Fortran code to develop a
generic pest risk analysis package.

Erika Rogers of Clark Atlanta University is starting a project on
intelligent GIS (integrating verbal protocols of gis-users into
blackboard based gis assistant).

Beverly Smith from Aquired Intelligence informed me that one of her
clients had interfaced their product ACQUIRE with a GIS.

Clement Lee from the University of Hong Kong kindly forwarded me
a list of references - see end of post. These are oriented more at
remote sensing operations.

Adam Yeh of the University of Washington integrated Nexpert Object
with a GIS for electrical distribution planning applications. He also
enclosed a list of references, appended below.

Peter Veenstra from Edinburgh University is doing his Master's
project on a PC using Visual Basic to call CLIPS routines (and
IDRISI?)

Bob McKay of UNSW informed me the the CSIRO Division of Water
Research, Australia have implemented their own spatial reasoning
system, ARX, closely integrated with Arc/Info. I haven't been able to
get any further info.

Dan Hirst is doing a project combining CLIPS with a GIS.


References

from Clement Lee ....

Argialas, D.P. and Harlow, C.A.,
Computational Image Interpretation Models: An Overview and
a Perspective, Photogrammetric Engg. and Remote Sensing,
Vol 56, #6, June 1990, 871-886

Bolstad, P.V. and Lillesand, T.M.,
Rule-based Classification Models: Flexible Integration of Satellite
Imagery and Thematic Spatial Data, Photogrammetric Engg. and
Remote Sensing, Vol. 58, #7, July 1992, pp. 965-971

Clement, V., Giraudon, G., Houzelle, S. and Sandakly, F.,
Interpretation of Remote-sensing impates in a context
of multisensor fusion using a multispecialist architecture,
IEEE GS/RS, Vol 31, #4, July 1993

Kontoes, C., Wilkinson G.G., Burrill, A., Goffredo, S. and Megier, G.,
An experimental system for the integration of GIS data in
knowledge-based image analysis for remote sensing of agriculture,
IJGIS, 1993, Vol 7,  #3, 247-262

Plumb, G.A.
Knowledge-Based Digital Mapping of Vegetation Types in Big Bend
National Park, Texas, Geocarto International, 1993 Vol 8, #2, 29-38

Richards, J. A. (John Alan), 
Remote sensing digital image analysis : an introduction,
Springer-Verlag : Berlin / Springer-Verlag : Hong Kong, 1993

Srinivason, A and Richards, J.A,
Analysis of GIS spatial data using knowledge-based methods,
IJGIS, 1993, Vol 7, #6, 479-500

from Adam Yeh ....

1. Erh-Chun Yeh, Z. Sumic, and S. S. Venkata, "An Intelligent Primary
Router for Underground Residential Distribution Design," Accepted by
the Intelligent Systems Application to Power Systems '94, France,
Sept.1994.

2. Erh-Chun Yeh, Z. Sumic, and S. S. Venkata, "APR: A Geographic
Information System Based Primary Router for Underground
Residential Distribution Design," IEEE Transmission & Distribution
Conference, Chicago, April 1994.

3. Z. Sumic, S. S. Venkata, X. Wei, Erh-Chun Yeh, and R. Atteri.,
"Implementation of an AI Based Tool in a FMS," Engineering
Intelligent Systems Journal, Vol. 1, No. 3, Dec. 1993, pp. 173-179.

4. Z. Sumic, Erh-Chun Yeh, and S. S. Venkata, "SER (SEcondary
Router): A GIS-Based Expert System for URD Secondary Design,"
Expert Systems Application to Power Systems '93, Melbourne,
Australia, Jan. 1993.

5. Z. Sumic, Erh-Chun Yeh, and S. S. Venkata, "Knowledge-Based
Geographic Information System for Underground Residential
Distribution System Design,"Electric Power Research Institute,
Advanced Computer Technologies '92, Scottsdale, Arizona, Dec. 1992.

6. Z. Sumic and Erh-Chun Yeh, "GIS-Based Expert System for
Electrical Distribution System Design," GIS/LIS '92, San Jose,
California, Dec. 1992.

7. Erh-Chun Yeh, A Knowledge-based GIS for Underground
Residential Distribution Design, Master's Thesis, University of
Washington, Seattle, Aug. 1992.

other refs that may be of interest .....

Loh, Douglas  and Rykiel, Edward, "Integrated Resource Management
Systems: Coupling Expert Systems with Database Management and
Geographic Information Systems", Environmental Management Vol 16,
No 2, pp 167-177.

Stone, Nicholas; Buick, Rosalind; Roach, John; Scheckler, Rebecca and
Rupani, Rajnish, "The Planning Problem in Agriculture: Farm-level
Crop Rotation Planning as an Example", AI Applications, Vol 6, No 1,
1992.

Engel, Bernard & Muttiah, Ranjan, "Intelligent Search and
Interpretation of Spatial Data", AI in Agriculture and Environmental
Sciences, Proceedings of International Joint Conference on AI, 93.

Robinson, Vincent; Frank, Andrew & Karimi, Hassan, "Expert Systems
for Geographic Information Systems in Resource Management", AI
Applications, Vol 1, No 1, 1987.

Thank you all for your responses. 

Linda

Landcare Research
Lincoln
New Zealand
email: lilburnel@landcare.cri.nz
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